Kamis, 16 April 2015

tugas 3 softskill bhs inggris bisnis2 (hot topic)



Ban Smoking in Public Areas
  Have you ever come home with the stench of smoke clinging to your clothes? Or inhaled a cloud of smoke as a group of smokers passed, causing you to cough and choke? Neither experience is pleasant, and this is why smoking should be banned in public areas.
Smoking can be dangerous not only for the smoker, but also for those around the smoker. Secondhand smoke is the third leading cause of preventable death (after active smoking and alcohol), according to the Manitoba Medical Association. They also say that the smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals, 50 of which are known to be cancer-related. Secondhand smoke has been linked to heart and respiratory disease; lung, breast, cervical, and nasal sinus cancers; strokes and miscarriages. In children, dangers include sudden infant death syndrome, fetal growth impairment, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and middle-ear disease. People who smoke subject themselves to deadly diseases, as well as long- and short-term health problems. Non-smokers should not have to live with the consequences of smokers' actions.
Not permitting smoking in public areas may help people refrain from smoking. Some argue that there would be a significant decline in the clientele in bars and clubs, but non-smokers actually outnumber smokers three to one. A ban could actually increase people going out because nonsmokers would be more comfortable.
There may also be a sudden realization of the dangers of smoking. With the state government taking a stand, it may cause people to take another look at the deadly factors of "cancer sticks." After a recent incident from the widely known Target Market program, people are beginning to feel that anti-tobacco efforts are losing their focus. At a local event a couple years ago, a punk band hired by the anti-drug campaign played songs that included positive images of cigarettes and other drugs in their lyrics. This is not the most efficient way to use money set aside for anti-drug programs. Instead, this money could be used to enforce the laws that should be passed to ban smoking in public places.
Sometimes those you think would be against the idea of making smoking illegal actually agree with it. Patrick Reynolds, heir to the tobacco empire, rejected becoming president of his family's tobacco company because it was proven to have caused both his father's and his older brother's deaths. Now, he runs a campaign to stop people from smoking. In his presentation, he states that a smoker will spend about $1,400 a year for one pack a day. Reynolds also says that the more secondhand smoke you inhale, the more susceptible you are to health problems. People working in casinos, for example, are up to eight times as likely to be in danger of the effects of secondhand smoke. Banning smoking in public places can prevent death and illness.
Some say that no matter what, nothing will reduce or stop cigarette smoking altogether. The laws banning smoking might convince some to quit and create a safer environment for everyone else. Also, some argue that there isn't money to carry this out. The money that goes into programs such as Target Market and Big Tobacco will be cut and the difference will go toward law enforcement.
Smoking is a dangerous habit that not only affects the smoker, but those around him or her. Banning the smoking in public will keep non-smokers safer. People who smoke subject themselves to deadly diseases by choice.









GRAMMAR
MODALS
1. Can
For example from this topic. Smoking can be dangerous not only for the smoker.
Can = dapat
Past tense is could
Another example:
     1. Can I go to the cinema? (question)
     2. I can lend you my car till tomorrow. (offer)
     3. Can we visit Grandma at the weekend? (suggestion)
     4. It can get very hot in Arizona. (possibility)
     5. Can you wait a moment, please? (request)
2. Could
For example from this topic. A ban could actually increase people going out because nonsmokers would be more comfortable.
Could = bisa
Another example:
    1. Could I go to the cinema? (polite question)
     2. It could get very hot in Montana. (possibility)
     3. Could I leave early today, please? (permission)
     4. Excuse me, could I just say something? (permission)
     5. It could rain tomorrow!
3. Should
For example from this topic. Non-smokers should not have to live with the consequences of smokers action.
Should = harus
Another example:
     1. You should drive carefully in bad weather. ( advice)
     2. You should switch off the light when you lea ve the room. (obligation)
     3. Should I have been looked for by my uncle if you given the news? (question)
     4. We should go to Lampung the next day. (statement)
     5. We should send a letter the day before, if you did not come.
4. May
For example from this topic. Non permitting smoking in public areas may help people refrain from smoking.
May = harus
Another example:
     1. It may rain today. (possibility)
      2. May I go to the cinema? (permission)
      3. May I help you? (polite suggestion)
      4. You may not use the car tonight. (permission)
     5. May I use your phone please? (request)
5. Would
For example from this topic. Some argue thet there would be a significant decline in the clientele in bars and clubs.
Would = akan
Another example:
    1. Would you shut the door, please? (wish)
     2. Sometimes he would bring me some flowers. (habits in the past)
     3. When I lived in Italy, we would often eat in the restaurant next to my flat. (habits)
     4. Would money be given by me if you come to my shop?
     5. She would not follow the traveling the month before.
6.Will
For example from this topic. He states that a smoker willspend about $1.400 a year for one pack a day.
Will = akan
Another example:
     1. Will you please shut the door? (wish, request)
     2. I think it will rain on Friday. (prediction)
     3. I will stop smoking.(promise)
     4. Can you will drive me to the station? (question)
     5. She’s strange, she will sit for hours without talking. (habits)


TOBE
1. Is
For example from this topic. Neither experience is pleasant.
Is = adalah
Another example:
     1. Basking in the sun every morning is good for our health. (statement)
     2. His hobby is watching movie and he always do that on Sunday. (statement)
     3. She is being shaved by the barber.
     4. Is everything normal? (question)
     5. Is Beny watching TV? (question)
2. Are
For example from this topic. The more susceptible you are health problems.
Past tense are = were
Another example:
     1. There are no people who want to go with you tonight.(statement)
     2. You are the most beautiful woman that I have ever seen. (statement)
     3. They are discussing about the rule that should be established.
     4. What are they looking at? (question)
     5. What are you doing in my house?
3. Was
For example from this topic. Because it was proven to have caused both.
Past tense from is
Another example:
     1. He was naughty, but now he has phoned you last night.(statement)
     2. Your room was cleaned this morning.
     3. Was I shutting the door when they came?
     4. She was bussy last month.
     5. I was very tired yesterday.


PAST TENSE
The formula subject+verb2+object
For example from this topic:
1. Inhaled a could of smoke as a group of smokers passed, causing you to cough and choke?
2. Neither experience is pleasant, and this is why smoking should be banned in public areas.
3. A punk band hired by the anti-drug campaign played songs that included positive images of    cigarettes and other drugs in their lyrics.
4. Instead, this money could be used to enforce the laws that should be passed to ban smoking in public places.
5. At a local event a couple years ago, a punk band hired by the anti-drug campaign played songs that included positive images of cigarettes and other drugs in their lyrics.

QUESTION
MODALS
1. ….. you please check my paper for grammar errors?
  a. may                                     b. can
  c. was                                      d. will
2. If I ask question about your past, ….. you answer it?
  a. could                                   b. would
  c. will                                      d. can
3. You ….. pay your credit card bill immediately.
   a. would                                 b. should
   c. shall                                   d. could



4. She ….. do more than two task at one time yesterday.
   a. can                                         b. could
   c. will                                        d. should
5. Had the applicant sent his resume before the deadline, he …..worked here.
   a. will have                                b. could have
   c. can have                                 d. might have
6.Vira has very smooth skin. She ….. apply olive oil to her face before going to bed.
   a. should                                    b. may
   c. could                                      d. shall
7. ….. you mind checking out my website?
  a. should                                     b. would
  c. could                                       d. may
8…… I resend my resume?
  a. should                                     b. would
  c. could                                       d. shall

TOBE
1. I….. a good student
   a. am                                         b. is
   c. are                                         d. was
2. All students ….. happy today.
   a. am                                        b. is
   c. are                                        d.was
3. They ….. in Bali last week.
   a. was                                       b. were
   c. is                                          d. are
4. My car ….. washed two days ago.
   a.was                                        b. were
   c. is                                           d. are        
5. Mr and Mrs Smith ….. very happy when I visited them
   a. was                                       b. were
   c. is                                           d. are
6. There ….. three slepping rooms in his house.
   a. is                                           b. are
   c. was                                        d. were
7. There ….. some flowers in the garden last month.
    a. is                                           b. are
    c. was                                        d. were

PAST TENSE
1. I….. civil engineering for almost 4 years.
    a. study                                    b. studied
    c. studying                               d. studi
2. I had already finished my breakfast when he ….. me up.
    a. picked                                 b. pick
    b. help                                     d. helped
3. The party ….. at 10.00 a.m
    a. start                                       b. go
    c. going                                     d. started
4. Vina and I ….. to the Ragunan zoo three months ago.
    a. went                                      b. go
    c. going                                    d. will
5. I often did exercises in the gym when I ….. in Bandung.
    a. life                                        b. live
    c. lived                                      c. lived